We breath through our nose this as a mucus membrane, cilia and mucus lines the walls of the nose to trap dust and pathogens in the air as it passes through the nasal cavity and helps warm and humidify the air.
The air then enters the mouth this is made up of bone, muscle and tissue, saliva that contains enzymes to break down particles is found here, the mouth enables us to inhale and exhale air.
The larynx is next this is lined with epithelial tissue and is only one cell thick, it also includes the epiglottis, thyroid, the larynx shares a passage way with the digestive system, the larynx protects the trachea from foreign bodies and particles and to assist in warming and humidifying air as it passes through.
After the larynx the air goes into the lungs, the lungs consists of 90% air and 10% hard tissue. the right lungs as three lobes and the left lung as two lobes this is because the heart is more to the left side of the chest, the lungs are in the chest and are large organs. they take up most of the room in the chest, the ribcage protects the lungs, the average length of a lung is between 10" and 12" the role of the lungs is very important they allow the air (O2) that we have breathed in to be transported into the blood stream, which is then carried around the body to cells and helps get rid of waste gases carbon dioxide (CO2).
The oxygen then goes into the bronchus, these are attached to both lungs, they are small tubes which have smaller tubes attached called bronchioles, the inside walls of the bronchioles are lined with cilated columnar mucus membrane, the oxygen is transported to these via the aveoli that are connected to the bronchus, aveoli are very small sacs that are filled with air and each set of lungs contains approx 600 million of theses spongy sacs and are surrounded with capillaries, the function of the aveoli is to diffuse the inhaled oxygen through the capillaries and into the arterial blood. whilst this is going on the waste rich blood comes from the veins letting the CO2 into the aveoli, the CO2 goes the same way out when we exhale.
The diaphragm is large and dome shaped, it is a sheet of muscle and lies across the bottom of the chest cavity. the job of the diaphragm is to assist in the pumping out CO2 from the lungs and drawing in oxygen. the diaphragm works by contracting and relaxing, when we breathe in this is when it contracts allowing oxygen to be drawn in and when we breathe out it relaxes allowing carbon dioxide to be let out of the lungs.
The oropharynx is a tube that goes from the mouth separated by the palate then joins the pharynx leading to the trachea, it works with the mouth where air is inhaled carrying it from the mouth down to the oesophagus and the air then goes into the larynx trachea and lungs. the trachea is about 10" long and 2-5 Cm's in diameter it is an incomplete cartilage and extends from the larynx to the carina. the function of the trachea is to keep the airways open, this is helped by incomplete catilage rings, the rings enable the changes to happen when air is passed through it, therefore preventing a breakdown in the process of respiration.
The air then enters the mouth this is made up of bone, muscle and tissue, saliva that contains enzymes to break down particles is found here, the mouth enables us to inhale and exhale air.
The larynx is next this is lined with epithelial tissue and is only one cell thick, it also includes the epiglottis, thyroid, the larynx shares a passage way with the digestive system, the larynx protects the trachea from foreign bodies and particles and to assist in warming and humidifying air as it passes through.
After the larynx the air goes into the lungs, the lungs consists of 90% air and 10% hard tissue. the right lungs as three lobes and the left lung as two lobes this is because the heart is more to the left side of the chest, the lungs are in the chest and are large organs. they take up most of the room in the chest, the ribcage protects the lungs, the average length of a lung is between 10" and 12" the role of the lungs is very important they allow the air (O2) that we have breathed in to be transported into the blood stream, which is then carried around the body to cells and helps get rid of waste gases carbon dioxide (CO2).
The oxygen then goes into the bronchus, these are attached to both lungs, they are small tubes which have smaller tubes attached called bronchioles, the inside walls of the bronchioles are lined with cilated columnar mucus membrane, the oxygen is transported to these via the aveoli that are connected to the bronchus, aveoli are very small sacs that are filled with air and each set of lungs contains approx 600 million of theses spongy sacs and are surrounded with capillaries, the function of the aveoli is to diffuse the inhaled oxygen through the capillaries and into the arterial blood. whilst this is going on the waste rich blood comes from the veins letting the CO2 into the aveoli, the CO2 goes the same way out when we exhale.
The diaphragm is large and dome shaped, it is a sheet of muscle and lies across the bottom of the chest cavity. the job of the diaphragm is to assist in the pumping out CO2 from the lungs and drawing in oxygen. the diaphragm works by contracting and relaxing, when we breathe in this is when it contracts allowing oxygen to be drawn in and when we breathe out it relaxes allowing carbon dioxide to be let out of the lungs.
The oropharynx is a tube that goes from the mouth separated by the palate then joins the pharynx leading to the trachea, it works with the mouth where air is inhaled carrying it from the mouth down to the oesophagus and the air then goes into the larynx trachea and lungs. the trachea is about 10" long and 2-5 Cm's in diameter it is an incomplete cartilage and extends from the larynx to the carina. the function of the trachea is to keep the airways open, this is helped by incomplete catilage rings, the rings enable the changes to happen when air is passed through it, therefore preventing a breakdown in the process of respiration.
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